Sleep

Sleep is a complex biological process that helps people process new information, stay healthy, and re-energize.

Learn more about sleep deficiency, sleep deprivation, and sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and narcolepsy.

Sleep is regulated by two processes that work together: sleep drive and the circadian clock.

When a person is sleeping, the brain cycles through two basic phases, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep.

How much sleep you need depends on several factors, including your age.

Learn common misconceptions about sleep, including details on snoring, “catch-up” sleep, and how much sleep you need as you age.

Pregnancy, certain disabilities, and diseases, including depression and cancer, can affect sleep.

Untreated sleep disorders can raise the risk of diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity, and depression.

Some natural products (available without a prescription) may help someone fall asleep or stay asleep. But you should always check with your doctor before taking them.

NICHD supports research to study the biological processes behind sleep, how lack of sleep affects people, and how sleep disorders affect health.

NICHD conducts and supports a variety of clinical research projects related to sleep.

Find answers to other common questions about sleep, such as how sleep affects you and your infant, and tips on getting a good night’s rest.

Links to websites of groups that study or provide information about sleep.