Since the NICHD's founding in 1962, infant death rates in the United States have dropped more than 70%. Much of this decline can be attributed to the application of NICHD-sponsored research on infant health and care. NICHD, along with its federal partners as well as professional organizations and foundations, has advanced science to improve infant health and care, and it has spearheaded campaigns to deliver information to providers and families, helping to put research advances into action. Through its research agenda, NICHD is fulfilling its mission to "ensure that all children have the chance to achieve their full potential for healthy and productive lives, free from disease or disability."

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Common Names
- Well-baby visit or exam
- Baby care
- Pediatric care
- Newborn care
Medical or Scientific Names
- Infant health and infant care
- Neonatal care